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- BOOKS, Page 62The Beatnik's Wife
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- By R.Z. SHEPPARD
-
- OFF THE ROAD
- by Carolyn Cassady
- Morrow; 436 pages; $22.95
-
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- "Beat Generation" was the label journalists slapped on a
- diverse group of writers, poets and spaghetti-and-Chianti
- bohemians who roosted in and around San Francisco's North Beach
- during the 1950s. Strictly speaking, there were not enough of
- them to qualify as a generation. But they had authentic roots
- in American tradition and produced a voice or two that spoke
- directly to the young and the restless -- even those who were
- dutifully preparing to join the conventional middle class.
-
- The strongest, most durable voice belonged to Allen
- Ginsberg, whose poem Howl was taken up as the Beat manifesto.
- The tribal saga was Jack Kerouac's On the Road, a novel that
- celebrated, among other things, the nation's interstate highway
- system.
-
- Ginsberg and Kerouac were both Easterners who attended
- Columbia University and then hit the road in search of direct
- experience and spontaneity. They found it personified in Neal
- Cassady, a Denver reform-school graduate and car thief with a
- gift of gab and sexual electricity that connected with the boys
- as well as the girls. Cassady and Ginsberg became lovers while
- Kerouac embraced Cassady's bebop monologues as part of his own
- prose style. Dean Moriarty, the hero and mobile savage of On
- the Road, is Neal Cassady right down to his pedal foot. "He
- was," wrote Kerouac early in the novel, "simply a youth
- tremendously excited with life; and though he was a con man,
- he was only conning because he wanted so much to live and to
- get involved with people who would otherwise pay no attention
- to him."
-
- This is the Neal Cassady that beckons from his widow's
- memoir 22 years after his death in Mexico at the age of 42.
- That he survives Carolyn Cassady's recollections with some of
- the legend intact suggests not only that a successful con man
- sells what people want to buy but also that he must believe in
- the pitch himself. For the author, who was an adventuresome
- graduate of Bennington when she met Cassady in 1947, this meant
- that life could be more exciting than settling down with a guy
- named Bill. With a guy named Neal she got both excitement and
- domestic drudgery. The title, Off the Road, refers mainly to
- being bogged down trying to raise three children on a shoestring
- while waiting for Neal to return from his latest motorized
- jaunt.
-
- Cassady was already married when he proposed to Carolyn. He
- clearly loved and needed her, but he also needed to see his
- estranged wife before and after their marriage was annulled.
- Other Beat chroniclers have noted that Cassady had a surplus
- of erotic energy. Carolyn recalls he was not an especially
- sensitive lover. Sex, it appears, was less a private act
- between two people than a plot element in the crowded drama he
- lived from day to day. Carolyn played her part when Jack
- Kerouac moved in. With her husband's tacit urging, she became
- the novelist's lover. "I provided for whichever of them was in
- residence according to his individual preferences," she writes
- of that arrangement.
-
- For those who still fancy the image of Cassady speeding
- cross country -- muscled arm out the window of a Hudson Hornet,
- Benzedrine inhaler in nostril -- it may come as a surprise to
- learn how hard he worked, albeit sporadically, to support his
- family. He was a brakeman for the Southern Pacific, a job that
- required a quick mind and quicker feet. Later, fellow workers
- at the Los Gatos Tire Co. marveled at his speed and skill with
- iron and sledge.
-
- Cassady's efforts to become a published writer never panned
- out. He was too busy living his autobiography to write it. For
- this reason he entered modern folklore through the eyes of
- others, his adventures fictionalized or romanticized. By the
- time he appears in Tom Wolfe's The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test
- as the bus driver for Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, he is an
- aging parody of himself. Carolyn Cassady does not allow this
- to happen in her book. Even when she is describing her former
- husband at his most impossible, she never totally forgets the
- possibilities of his youth. Others obviously felt the same way
- and wanted a piece of Cassady, even in death. The author
- understood, but kept good accounts. When his first wife, who
- had been married to Cassady for only a year, requested a share
- of his ashes, she received one tablespoonful.
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